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Account abstraction

Account abstraction is a broad category of fast-moving development in the Ethereum ecosystem. It generally refers to different ways to create and manage accounts, other than using a Secret Recovery Phrase (seed phrase) and a wallet.

One milestone in this area was the inclusion of ERC-4337 in the Ethereum protocol.

This includes, but is not limited to:

  • Creating accounts using a cryptographic library running in a dapp (an "embedded wallet")
  • The creation of an account that is to some degree controlled by a smart contract

That second point may seem small, but it enables things like:

  • Account recovery ("social recovery", recovery via email or other identities or accounts)
  • Use case-specific limitations
  • Paying for a user's gas fees
  • Delegation of assets

and a lot more.

Key developments in this space include:

  • ERC-4337 introduces dedicated infrastructure layer—bundlers, paymasters, and an alternative mempool—that enables smart contract accounts with features like gas sponsorship and account recovery.
  • EIP-7702 allows an existing EOA to delegate to smart contract logic without changing address or migrating funds, enabling capabilities like transaction batching, gas sponsorship, and session keys. It can also be used alongside ERC-4337 infrastructure.

As a network, Linea is heavily invested in innovating in the account abstraction space; consult the resources here to see how you can implement the tools we already have... and then build your own.

MetaMask

Learn more MetaMask Smart Accounts

Biconomy

The Biconomy SDK provides solutions for decentralized applications (dapps) that streamline and

Etherspot

Robust ERC4337 infrastructure for seamless web3 development

Noves

Noves provides advanced data capabilities for ERC-4337, both at the pre-sign level and for retrieval

OKLink

OKLink is a one-stop blockchain data platform covering a wide range of

Openfort

Flexible account abstraction infrastructure

Particle Network

Smart Wallet-as-a-Service

Pimlico

Pimlico provides smart account tools for ERC-4337 that streamline development.

thirdweb SDK

thirdweb's Smart Wallet SDK allows you to implement EIP-4337-compliant smart contract-enabled

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