Release notes
We maintain a record and brief explanation of Linea Security Council transactions here.
Beta v4.1β
Linea Mainnet: late October 2025 (target)
Linea Sepolia: mid-October 2025 (target)
- Boost prover performance to support scaled trading, consumer, and institutional use cases.
- Activate EIP-7702 support.
Beta v4.0β
Linea Mainnet:
- Paris: 22 October, 2025, block 24787631
- Shanghai: 10am UTC, 23 October, 2025
- Cancun: 10am UTC, 28 October, 2025
- Prague: 10:10am UTC, 28 October, 2025
Linea Sepolia:
- Paris: 24 September, 2025
- Shanghai: 29 September, 2025
- Cancun: 30 September, 2025
- Prague: 7 October, 2025
Pectra hard forkβ
This release will see Linea implement approximately four years' of Ethereum protocol upgrades in a matter of weeks: from the London hard fork beforehand this release, all the way through to Prague. Due to the complexity of this process, the upgrade will occur in stages, progressing through hard forks according to the release schedule above.
For Linea users, the upgrade will enable new use cases and experiences through EIP-7702 (coming in Beta v4.1), unlocking access to apps that rely on this capability.
For builders, Linea becoming even more strongly Ethereum-aligned will make the developer experience
more streamlined and closely resemble Ethereum. The upgrade adds support for several opcodes and
precompiles, such as PUSH0 and MCOPY, considerably shortening the list of Linea's differences with Ethereum.
EIP-7702 will only be activated in Beta v4.1
Maru consensus clientβ
Beta v4 introduces a new consensus client, Maru, replacing the existing Proof-of-Authority sequencer mechanism, Clique. Maru introduces a QBFT consensus mechanism, and will support Linea's future transition to decentralized sequencing. Initially only a single Maru node operated by Linea will produce blocks. See our guide for node runners on upgrading to this system.
Beta v3.1.1β
Linea Mainnet: 6 October, 2025
- Made Linea's prover 2x more efficient, reducing the cost of running the Linea infrastructure. In future, this additional efficiency will increase ETH and LINEA burn
Beta v3.1β
Linea Mainnet: early/mid-August 2025 (target)
Linea Sepolia: late July 2025 (target)
- Remove sequencer limits. These are no longer required because of the limitless prover introduced in Beta v3.
- Increase throughput
Beta v3.0β
Linea Mainnet: early August 2025 (target)
Linea Sepolia: late July 2025 (target)
- Limitless prover: Eliminates the need for the sequencer to enforce module limits, as the prover
can handle complex workloads. This unlocks:
- Higher throughput and TPS
- Stabler gas fees during high-traffic periods
- Faster transaction confirmation during activity peaks.
Note that the higher throughput will not enabled until the sequencer limits are removed in Beta v3.1.
Beta v2.0β
Linea Mainnet: June 9, 2025
Linea Sepolia: mid/late May 2025
- 100% proven: 100% of EVM operations will be covered by our zero-knowledge proofs, guaranteeing the integrity of all onchain data when sequencing is decentralized. Linea is the first zkEVM to be completely proven.
- Reworks prover limits to reduce infrastructure costs and reduce instances of transactions reverting due to exceeding limits.
- Upgrades the dictionary to improve compression and reduce the costs of L1 data availability by 7.5%.
- Improves Security Council configuration, and onboards the first cohort of members to stage 1, supporting future decentralization and security.
Beta v1.0β
Beta v1 on Linea introduces new arithmetization. The overall objective of the Linea Beta is to prove 100% of the zkEVM specification, an objective currently scheduled to be completed in Beta v2.
Beta v1.4β
Linea Mainnet: April 28, 2025
Linea Sepolia: April 7, 2025
- Adds the
eth_sendBundleRPC method, enabling apps to protect users against MEV and improve UX in various ways. - Introduces state recovery, enabling anyone to recover and audit Linea state, reducing the risk of having a centralized sequencer.
Beta v1.3β
Linea Mainnet: March 3, 2025
Linea Sepolia: February 18, 2025
- Raises the block gas limit to 2B.
Beta v1.2β
Linea Mainnet: with Beta v2
Linea Sepolia: February 4, 2025
- Full implementation of new arithmetization, with all modules from the Linea specification except the hub's consistency arguments.
- Proof of all the activated modules (i.e. excluding the hub consistency arguments).
Beta v1.1β
Linea Mainnet: with Beta v2
Linea Sepolia: September 26, 2024
- New arithmetization, with selected modules activated from the Linea specification.
- The transition to generating traces with Besu.